A Guide to Eating Gluten-Free

Cutting gluten out of your diet may seem difficult and restrictive. Fortunately, there are many healthy and delicious foods that are naturally gluten-free. These include fruits, vegetables, meat and poultry, fish and seafood, dairy products, beans, legumes, and nuts.

Grains, Flours, and Starches

Many grains and starches are also naturally gluten-free, and products made with them (breads, pasta, crackers, etc.) can be incorporated into a gluten-free diet. However, grains and starches contain gluten and must be avoided by individuals with certain health conditions. Use the following table to help guide your eating and shopping choices while following a gluten-free food plan.

Gluten-Free Grains, Flours Starches

  • Amaranth
  • Arrowroot
  • Bean flours (garbanzo, fava, Romano, etc.)
  • Buckwheat, buckwheat groats (kasha)
  • Cassava flour
  • Chia seeds
  • Corn (maize), cornmeal
  • Flax, flax meal
  • Hominy
  • Manioc flour
  • Mesquite flour
  • Millet
  • Montina flour
  • Nut flours and meals (almond, coconut, hazelnut, etc.)
  • Oats (gluten-free)*
  • Pea flour
  • Potato flour, potato starch
  • Quinoa
  • Rice (all), rice bran
  • Sago
  • Sorghum flour
  • Soy flour
  • Tapioca flour
  • Teff
  • Yucca

Gluten-Containing Grains, Flours, and Starches

  • Barley
  • Bulgar (bulgur)
  • Cereal binding
  • Chapatti flour (atta)
  • Couscous
  • Kinkel
  • Durum
  • Einkorn
  • Emmer
  • Farina
  • Farrow
  • Fu
  • Gluten, gluten flour
  • Graham flour
  • Kamut
  • Malt (malt beverages, extract, flavoring, syrup, vinegar, etc.)
  • Matzoh meal
  • Oats (oat bran, oat syrup)*
  • Orzo
  • Rye
  • Seitan (“wheat meat”)
  • Semolina
  • Spelt
  • Text

Gluten-Free Substitutes

Gluten-free alternatives to typical gluten-containing foods are now widely available in most grocery stores. This makes eating a gluten-free diet less of a hassle. But keep in mind that many products made with gluten-free alternatives include additives and fillers that help mimic the texture of gluten-containing products you’re used to eating. Rather than relying on gluten-free convenience foods, it is important to base your diet around naturally gluten-free foods like fruits, vegetables, and other foods listed above. © 2017 The Institute for Functional Medicine The following foods may or may not be hidden sources of gluten. Read labels carefully when shopping, and ask restaurant staff to confirm that foods have not been dusted with flour or cross-contaminated in deep fryers.

Brown rice syrup (made with barley enzymes), candy, candy bars, cheesecake filling, eggs prepared in restaurants (sometimes include pancake batter), energy bars, French fries, granola bars, marinades, meat substitutes (vegetarian burgers, vegetarian sausage, imitation bacon, imitation seafood, etc.), multi-grain or “artisan” tortillas and tortilla chips, pizza (gluten-free, restaurants offering gluten-free crusts do not always keep gluten-free items separate from the rest of the kitchen), potato chips, pre-seasoned meats, processed lunch meats, salad dressings, self-basting poultry, soup, soy sauce, starch or dextrin (in meat or poultry products), tater tots.

Tips for Buying and Storing Gluten-Free Foods

  • Read labels. Remember that “wheat-free” is not the same thing as “gluten-free.” When in doubt, only purchase products with the certified gluten-free label.
  • Read ingredient lists for any processed or packaged foods you buy, especially cream-based foods. Wheat is often used as a thickener.
  • Many personal care products and nutritional supplements contain gluten. Choose brands that are gluten-free.
  • Many gluten-free breads and pastas are stored in refrigerated or frozen sections in the grocery store.
  • If you can’t find gluten-free grains or products in your regular grocery store, try specialty or health food stores.
  • Do not purchase gluten-free grains from bulk sections unless kept separate from gluten-containing grains to avoid cross-contamination.
  • If not everyone in your household follows a gluten-free diet, store gluten-free products in a separate cabinet or shelf, preferably on top shelves, away from gluten-containing foods. Use separate toasters and pans if necessary.
  • When purchasing beers, choose gluten-free brands made from gluten-free grains. Some gluten-free beers are made from gluten-containing grains that are mechanically separated and may contain up to 10 ppm gluten. If gluten-free beer isn’t available, opt for cider, wine, or distilled spirits.

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